What’s Happening in Your Brain When you Feel Isolated and Lonely?
Humans are innately social creatures. But the demands of an ever-changing world have dramatically changed the way we interact. Instead of working together in communities, many now work from home, and busy schedules can make it difficult to prioritize social exchanges. Ultimately, there are several reasons that a person might become isolated socially. But what’s the cognitive impact?
How the brain changes
A variety of studies performed on animals and humans experiencing social isolation have revealed specific changes within certain parts of the brain.
The Hippocampus
Some studies point toward higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol being released, which is regulated by, and directly affects, the hippocampus. Research has also displayed a diminishing size of hippocampi in subjects experiencing social isolation. It may also lead to a reduction in the concentration of BDNF, or brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which could result in impairments to memory and learning skills.
The Prefrontal Cortex
Another key piece of research revealed a notable association between loneliness and a reduction in volume of the prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain is tied to social behavior and decision-making.
The Amygdala
You might not be as familiar with the Amygdala, but they’re heavily involved in the processing of your emotions. Similarly to the pre-frontal cortex, there have been studies showing a reduction in the volume of these two almond-shaped parts of the brain in those experiencing loneliness.
So what does all of this mean in a practical sense? Well, these are some of the most significant resulting effects:
Cognitive decline
As a result of the above factors, those experiencing chronic loneliness are at risk of accelerated cognitive decline up to a rate of 20% higher than the average adult.
Increased risk of Alzheimer’s
There’s been a body of research revealing links between social isolation and a higher chance of developing memory-related disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer’s.
Anxiety and depression
Loneliness has been shown to increase the risk of a variety of common mental health issues and psychiatric disorders.
The long-term effects of social isolation and loneliness can have a significant impact on the health of your brain. It can even have a knock-on effect on your immune system functioning. It’s important to note that social isolation and loneliness mean different things to different people. If you’re struggling, it’s important to try and reach out, whether that be to a professional, a friend, or a family member.
Brain health coaching can help you develop strategies to improve your social connections and boost your brain health. Don't let loneliness hold you back – take action today and invest in your brain health by signing up for brain health coaching. Your brain and well-being will thank you for it.